【OG24-750题】Proposal: Carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere block the escape of heat into space. So emission of these “greenhouse” gases contributes to global warming. In order to reduce global warming, emission of greenhouse gases needs to be reduced. Therefore, the methane now emitted from open landfills should instead be burned to produce electricity. Objection: The burning of methane generates carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere. Which of the following, if true, most adequately counters the objection made to the proposal?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Proposal: Carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere block the escape of heat into space. So emission of these “greenhouse” gases contributes to global warming. In order to reduce global warming, emission of greenhouse gases needs to be reduced. Therefore, the methane now emitted from open landfills should instead be burned to produce electricity.

Objection: The burning of methane generates carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere.

Which of the following, if true, most adequately counters the objection made to the proposal?

Every time a human being or other mammal exhales, there is some carbon dioxide released into the air. The conversion of methane to electricity would occur at a considerable distance from the landfills. The methane that is used to generate electricity would generally be used as a substitute for a fuel that does not produce any greenhouse gases when burned. Methane in the atmosphere is more effective in blocking the escape of heat from the Earth than is carbon dioxide. The amount of methane emitted from the landfills could be reduced if the materials whose decomposition produces methane were not discarded, but recycled.

正确答案： D

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题干翻译
“温室”气体导致全球变暖。为了减少全球变暖，需要减少温室气体排放。因此，现在从露天垃圾填埋场排放的甲烷应该被燃烧来发电。反对意见：燃烧甲烷会产生释放到大气中的二氧化碳。 逻辑链
Landfill methane→Burn for power；Objection: Methane burn→CO₂ 问题类型
削弱（Counter the objection，即削弱反对意见） 推理过程
论点是将垃圾填埋场的甲烷燃烧发电以减少全球变暖，反对意见是燃烧甲烷会产生二氧化碳。要削弱反对意见，需说明即使燃烧甲烷产生二氧化碳，也比直接排放甲烷对全球变暖的影响小或者有其他好处。 选项分析
A选项：人和其他哺乳动物呼出二氧化碳，与燃烧甲烷发电及对全球变暖的影响无关，话题不一致，排除。 B选项：甲烷转化为电的地点与垃圾填埋场的距离，不影响燃烧甲烷产生二氧化碳对全球变暖的影响，无关，排除。 C选项：甲烷替代的燃料不产生温室气体，但未表明燃烧甲烷产生二氧化碳和直接排放甲烷相比对全球变暖的影响，无关，排除。 D选项：指出大气中的甲烷比二氧化碳更能有效阻止地球热量散发，意味着燃烧甲烷产生二氧化碳比直接排放甲烷对全球变暖的影响更小，削弱了反对意见，当选。 E选项：减少垃圾填埋场甲烷排放的方法（回收材料），与燃烧甲烷发电及反对意见无关，排除。

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