【OG24-776题】In an experiment, each volunteer was allowed to choose between an easy task and a hard task and was told that another volunteer would do the other task. Each volunteer could also choose to have a computer assign the two tasks randomly. Most volunteers chose the easy task for themselves and under questioning later said they had acted fairly. But when the scenario was described to another group of volunteers, almost all said choosing the easy task would be unfair. This shows that most people apply weaker moral standards to themselves than to others.Which of the following is an assumption required by this argument?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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In an experiment, each volunteer was allowed to choose between an easy task and a hard task and was told that another volunteer would do the other task. Each volunteer could also choose to have a computer assign the two tasks randomly. Most volunteers chose the easy task for themselves and under questioning later said they had acted fairly. But when the scenario was described to another group of volunteers, almost all said choosing the easy task would be unfair. This shows that most people apply weaker moral standards to themselves than to others.

Which of the following is an assumption required by this argument?

At least some volunteers who said they had acted fairly in choosing the easy task would have said that it was unfair for someone else to do so. The most moral choice for the volunteers would have been to have the computer assign the two tasks randomly. There were at least some volunteers who were assigned to do the hard task and felt that the assignment was unfair. On average, the volunteers to whom the scenario was described were more accurate in their moral judgments than the other volunteers were. At least some volunteers given the choice between assigning the tasks themselves and having the computer assign them felt that they had made the only fair choice available to them.

正确答案： A

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题干翻译
志愿者可选择自己做轻松任务并让另一志愿者做困难任务，也可让电脑随机分配。大多数给自己选轻松任务的志愿者称自己行为公平，而向另一组志愿者描述此情景时，几乎所有人认为选轻松任务不公平。这表明大多数人对自己的道德标准比对他人更宽松。 逻辑链
Self lenient（对自己宽松） vs Others strict（对他人严格）→ Moral standard difference（道德标准差异） 问题类型
假设题 推理过程
论点是大多数人对自己的道德标准比对他人更宽松，论据是两组志愿者不同的反应。要使论证成立，需假设给自己选轻松任务且认为自己公平的志愿者，会觉得别人这样做不公平，这样才能体现出对自己和他人道德标准的差异。 选项分析
A选项：至少一些称自己选轻松任务公平的志愿者会说别人这样做不公平，补充了必要假设，当选； B选项：电脑随机分配是否是最道德的选择，与人们对自己和他人道德标准的差异无关，排除； C选项：被分配困难任务的志愿者感受，与论点讨论的对自己和他人道德标准的差异话题不相关，排除； D选项：两组志愿者道德判断准确性的比较，不是论证成立的必要假设，排除； E选项：志愿者认为自己做的是唯一公平选择，未体现对自己和他人道德标准的差异，排除。

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