【OG24-665题】People who do regular volunteer work tend to live longer, on average, than people who do not. It has been found that “doing good,” a category that certainly includes volunteer work, releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce inpeople a feeling of well-being. Clearly, there is a connection: Regular releases of endorphins must in some way help to extend people’s lives.Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the force of the evidence given as support for the hypothesis that endorphins promote longevity?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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People who do regular volunteer work tend to live longer, on average, than people who do not. It has been found that “doing good,” a category that certainly includes volunteer work, releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce in

people a feeling of well-being. Clearly, there is a connection: Regular releases of endorphins must in some way help to extend people’s lives.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the force of the evidence given as support for the hypothesis that endorphins promote longevity?

People who do regular volunteer work are only somewhat more likely than others to characterize the work they do for a living as “doing good.” Although extremely high levels of endorphins could be harmful to health, such levels are never reached as a result of the natural release of endorphins. There are many people who have done some volunteer work but who do not do such work regularly. People tend not to become involved in regular volunteer work unless they are healthy and energetic to begin with. Releases of endorphins are responsible for the sense of well-being experienced by many long-distance runners while running.

正确答案： D

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题干翻译
“做好事”（certainly包括志愿工作）会释放内啡肽（大脑天然的鸦片剂），这会给人带来幸福感。很明显，存在一种联系：定期释放内啡肽must在某种程度上有助于延长人的寿命。 逻辑链
Endorphins → Extend lives 问题类型
削弱题 推理过程
论点是内啡肽有助于延长寿命，论据是做好事（含志愿工作）释放内啡肽带来幸福感。要削弱该论证，需找到能切断内啡肽和延长寿命之间联系的选项。 选项分析
A选项：做定期志愿工作的人只是比其他人更有可能将谋生工作描述为“做好事”。与内啡肽和寿命的关系无关，无法削弱，排除。 B选项：极高水平的内啡肽可能对健康有害，但自然释放不会达到这种水平。讨论的是高水平内啡肽情况，未涉及内啡肽与延长寿命的核心联系，无法削弱，排除。 C选项：很多人做过一些志愿工作但不规律。与内啡肽能否延长寿命无直接关联，无法削弱，排除。 D选项：人们往往不会参与定期志愿工作，除非他们一开始就健康且精力充沛。说明不是志愿工作释放内啡肽让人长寿，而是本身健康才去做志愿工作，属于因果倒置，有力削弱了论点，当选。 E选项：内啡肽的释放导致很多长跑者在跑步时的幸福感。说的是内啡肽与长跑者幸福感的关系，未涉及寿命，无法削弱，排除。

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