【OG24-573题】The primary purpose of the passage is to_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women who are generally regarded as among the forerunners of modern feminism are almost all identified with the Royalist side in the conflict between Royalists and Parliamentarians known as the English Civil Wars. Since Royalist ideology is often associated with the radical patriarchalism of seventeenthcentury political theorist Robert Filmer—a patriarchalism that equates family and kingdom and asserts the divinely ordained absolute power of the king and, by analogy, of the male head of the household—historians have been understandably puzzled by the fact that Royalist women wrote the earliest extended criticisms of the absolute subordination of women in marriage and the earliest systematic assertions of women’s rational and moral equality with men. Some historians have questioned the facile equation of Royalist ideology with Filmerian patriarchalism; and indeed, there may have been no consistent differences between Royalists and Parliamentarians on issues of family organization and women’s political rights, but in that case one would expect early feminists to be equally divided between the two sides.

Catherine Gallagher argues that Royalism engendered feminism because the ideology of absolute monarchy provided a transition to an ideology of the absolute self. She cites the example of the notoriously eccentric author Margaret Cavendish (1626–1673), duchess of Newcastle. Cavendish claimed to be as ambitious as any woman could be, but knowing that as a woman she was excluded from the pursuit of power in the real world, she resolved to be mistress of her own world, the “immaterial world” that any person can create within her own mind—and, as a writer, on paper. In proclaiming what she called her “singularity,” Cavendish insisted that she was a self-sufficient being within her mental empire, the center of her own subjective universe rather than a satellite orbiting a dominant male planet. In justifying this absolute singularity, Cavendish repeatedly invoked the model of the absolute monarch, a figure that became a metaphor for the self-enclosed, autonomous nature of the individual person. Cavendish’s successors among early feminists retained her notion of woman’s sovereign self, but they also sought to break free from the complete political and social isolation that her absolute singularity entailed.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

trace the historical roots of a modern sociopolitical movement present one scholar’s explanation for a puzzling historical phenomenon contrast two interpretations of the ideological origins of a political conflict establish a link between the ideology of an influential political theorist and that of a notoriously eccentric writer call attention to some points of agreement between opposing sides in an ideological debate

正确答案： B

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文章大意逻辑
十七世纪英国女性中被视为现代女权先驱的人几乎都站在保皇党一边，而保皇党思想常和父权主义联系，这让历史学家困惑为何保皇党女性会批判女性在婚姻中的绝对从属。一些历史学家质疑保皇党思想和菲尔默父权主义的简单等同。凯瑟琳·加拉格尔认为保皇主义催生了女权主义，因为绝对君主制思想为绝对自我思想提供了过渡，她以玛格丽特·卡文迪什为例，卡文迪什虽身为女性在现实世界被排除在权力追求之外，但在自己精神世界成为主宰。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：提出问题给出解释。逻辑简图： 1. Fact: 17 century English women modern feminism forerunners Royalist side. Royalist ideology Filmerian patriarchalism, yet Royalist women criticized female subordination. 2. Some historians' doubt: easy equation of Royalist ideology with Filmerian patriarchalism. 3. Catherine Gallagher's explanation: Royalism engendered feminism absolute monarchy ideology transition to absolute self ideology, example of Margaret Cavendish. 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道主旨题，做题方法是通过梳理文章整体内容，把握作者核心意图。 选项分析
A选项：“trace the historical roots of a modern sociopolitical movement”（追溯现代社会政治运动的历史根源）。文章重点不是追溯女权运动根源，而是解释为何现代女权先驱站在保皇党一边这一现象，所以A选项错误。 B选项：“present one scholar’s explanation for a puzzling historical phenomenon”（呈现一位学者对一个令人困惑的历史现象的解释）。符合文章逻辑，文章先提出为何保皇党女性是女权先驱这一困惑，再阐述凯瑟琳·加拉格尔的解释，B选项正确。 C选项：“contrast two interpretations of the ideological origins of a political conflict”（对比对一场政治冲突意识形态起源的两种解释）。文章主要不是对比两种对政治冲突起源的解释，C选项错误。 D选项：“establish a link between the ideology of an influential political theorist and that of a notoriously eccentric writer”（在一位有影响力的政治理论家的思想和一位非常古怪的作家的思想之间建立联系）。这不是文章主旨，D选项错误。 E选项：“call attention to some points of agreement between opposing sides in an ideological debate”（引起对一场意识形态辩论中对立双方的一些共识的关注）。文章未提及对立双方共识，E选项错误。

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