【OG24-576题】Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a study of the category of patients referred to in highlight text?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Frazier and Mosteller assert that medical research could be improved by a move toward larger, simpler clinical trials of medical treatments. Currently, researchers collect far more background information on patients than is strictly required for their trials-substantially more than hospitals collect-thereby escalating costs of data collection, storage, and analysis. Although limiting information collection could increase the risk that researchers will overlook facts relevant to a study, Frazier and Mosteller contend that such risk, never entirely eliminable from research, would still be small in most studies. Only in research on entirely new treatments are new and unexpected variables likely to arise.

Frazier and Mosteller propose not only that researchers limit data collection on individual patients but also that researchers enroll more patients in clinical trials, thereby obtaining a more representative sample of the total population with the disease under study. Often researchers restrict study participation to patients who have no ailments besides those being studied. A treatment judged successful under these ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions. Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosteller suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatment's efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient subgroups. For example, the value of a treatment for a progressive disease may vary according to a patient's stage of disease. Patients' ages may also affect a treatment’s efficacy.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a study of the category of patients referred to in highlight text?

Its findings might have limited applicability. It would be prohibitively expensive in its attempt to create ideal conditions. It would be the best way to sample the total population of potential patients. It would allow researchers to limit information collection without increasing the risk that important variables could be overlooked. Its findings would be more accurate if it concerned treatments for a progressive disease than if it concerned treatments for a non-progressive disease

正确答案： A

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文章大意逻辑
文章开头Frazier和Mosteller提出观点，认为医学研究可通过开展更大规模、更简单的临床试验来改进。目前研究者收集的患者背景信息远超试验严格所需，导致数据相关成本上升。尽管限制信息收集有风险，但他们认为这种风险在多数研究中较小。接着他们进一步提议，研究者不仅要限制单个患者的数据收集，还要在临床试验中招募更多患者以获取更具代表性的样本。通常研究者限制研究参与者为除所研究病症外无其他疾病的患者，而拓宽试验参与者范围能让研究者评估不同条件下治疗对不同患者的疗效。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为观点阐述型。逻辑简图： Frazier and Mosteller assert: medical research can be improved by larger, simpler clinical trials Currently: more background info collection, higher costs Although: limiting info has risk, but small in most studies Frazier and Mosteller propose: limit data collection on individuals and enroll more patients Usually: restrict study participants, but broadening range has advantages 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道推断题，需根据文章整体内容，对高亮文本提及的患者类别研究进行推断，定位到文章中关于研究限制及影响的相关表述。 选项分析
A选项：其研究结果可能适用性有限。文章提到通常研究者限制研究参与者为除所研究病症外无其他疾病的患者，这样的研究条件较为理想，在这种理想条件下判断成功的治疗再在正常条件下评估，说明这种限制条件下的研究结果可能在更广泛的实际场景中适用性有限，该项可推出。 B选项：试图创造理想条件会极其昂贵。文章未提及创造理想条件的费用问题，属于无中生有，排除。 C选项：这是对潜在患者总体进行抽样的最佳方式。文章强调的是目前限制参与者的方式有局限性，而不是这种方式是最佳抽样方式，排除。 D选项：这将使研究者在不增加忽略重要变量风险的情况下限制信息收集。与原文中提到限制信息收集有风险相悖，排除。 E选项：如果涉及进行性疾病的治疗，其研究结果会比涉及非进行性疾病的治疗更准确。文章未对进行性疾病和非进行性疾病治疗研究结果的准确性进行比较，排除。

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