【OG24-523题】According to the passage, Kerber argued that political leaders thought that the form of government adopted by the United States after the American Revolution depended on which of the following for its success? _mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Linda Kerber argued in the mid-1980s that after the American Revolution (1775–1783), an ideology of “republican motherhood” resulted in a surge of educational opportunities for women in the United States. Kerber maintained that the leaders of the new nation wanted women to be educated in order to raise politically virtuous sons. A virtuous citizenry was considered essential to the success of the country’s republican form of government; virtue was to be instilled not only by churches and schools, but by families, where the mother’s role was crucial. Thus, according to Kerber, motherhood became pivotal to the fate of the republic, providing justification for an unprecedented attention to female education.

Introduction of the “republican motherhood” thesis dramatically changed historiography. Prior to Kerber’s work, educational historians barely mentioned women and girls; Thomas Woody’s 1929 work is the notable exception. Examining newspaper advertisements for academies, Woody found that educational opportunities increased for both girls and boys around 1750. Pointing to “An Essay on Woman” (1753) as reflecting a shift in view, Woody also claimed that practical education for females had many advocates before the Revolution. Woody’s evidence challenges the notion that the Revolution changed attitudes regarding female education, although it may have accelerated earlier trends. Historians’ reliance on Kerber’s “republican motherhood” thesis may have obscured the presence of these trends, making it difficult to determine to what extent the Revolution really changed women’s lives.

According to the passage, Kerber argued that political leaders thought that the form of government adopted by the United States after the American Revolution depended on which of the following for its success?

Women assuming the sole responsibility for instilling political virtue in children Girls becoming the primary focus of a reformed educational system that emphasized political virtue The family serving as one of the primary means by which children were imbued with political virtue The family assuming many of the functions previously performed by schools and churches Men and women assuming equal responsibility for the management of schools, churches, and the family

正确答案： C

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出Linda Kerber在20世纪80年代中期提出美国革命后“共和母亲”意识形态使女性教育机会激增，新国家领导人希望女性受教育以培养有政治美德的儿子，母亲角色对共和国命运关键，为女性教育受重视提供依据。接着阐述“共和母亲”这一理论极大改变了史学编纂，在此之前教育史学家很少提及女性和女孩，Thomas Woody的研究是例外，他发现革命前女孩教育机会就增加且实用教育有很多倡导者，其证据挑战了革命改变女性教育观念的观点，还表明历史学家依赖Kerber理论可能掩盖了这些趋势，难以确定革命对女性生活的真正影响。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为新旧观点对比。 Kerber's view: After American Revolution, "republican motherhood" led to more educational opportunities for women; motherhood was pivotal for republic's success. Woody's view: Educational opportunities for girls increased around 1750; practical education for females had many advocates before Revolution, challenging Kerber's view. 做题方法及问题类型
本题为细节题，通过题干中“Kerber argued that political leaders thought the form of government...depended on”可定位到文章第一段关于Kerber观点中政治领导人对政府成功因素看法的相关内容。 选项分析
A选项：“Women assuming the sole responsibility for instilling political virtue in children”（女性承担在孩子身上灌输政治美德的唯一责任），原文说的是家庭在灌输政治美德方面的作用，不是女性唯一负责，过于绝对，排除。 B选项：“Girls becoming the primary focus of a reformed educational system that emphasized political virtue”（女孩成为强调政治美德的改革教育系统的主要焦点），原文未提及女孩成为主要焦点，排除。 C选项：“The family serving as one of the primary means by which children were imbued with political virtue”（家庭作为向孩子灌输政治美德的主要方式之一），符合原文中家庭在培养孩子政治美德方面作用的表述，当选。 D选项：“The family assuming many of the functions previously performed by schools and churches”（家庭承担以前由学校和教堂执行的许多功能），原文未提及家庭承担学校和教堂功能，排除。 E选项：“Men and women assuming equal responsibility for the management of schools, churches, and the family”（男性和女性在管理学校、教堂和家庭方面承担同等责任），原文未提及责任平等问题，排除。

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