【OG24-544题】Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author's assertion regarding economic indicators in highlight text?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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During the 1980s, many economic historians studying Latin America focused on the impact of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Most of these historians argued that although the Depression began earlier in Latin America than in the United States, it was less severe in Latin America and did not significantly impede industrial growth there. The historians' argument was grounded in national government records concerning tax revenues and exports and in government-sponsored industrial censuses, from which historians have drawn conclusions about total manufacturing output and profit levels across Latin America. However, economic statistics published by Latin American governments in the early twentieth century are neither reliable nor consistent; this is especially true of manufacturing data, which were gathered from factory owners for taxation purposes and which therefore may well be distorted. Moreover, one cannot assume a direct correlation between the output level and the profit level of a given industry as these variables often move in opposite directions. Finally, national and regional economies are composed of individual firms and industries, and relying on general, sweeping economic indicators may mask substantial variations among these different enterprises. For example, recent analyses of previously unexamined data on textile manufacturing in Brazil and Mexico suggest that the Great Depression had a more severe impact on this Latin American industry than scholars had recognized.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author's assertion regarding economic indicators in highlight text?

During an economic depression, European textile manufacturers' profits rise while their industrial output remains steady. During a national economic recession, United States microchips manufacturers' profits rise sharply while United States steel manufacturers' profits plunge. During the years following a severe economic depression, textile manufacturers' output levels and profit levels increase in Brazil and Mexico but not in the rest of Latin America. Although Japanese industry as a whole recovers after an economic recession, it does not regain its previously high levels of production. While European industrial output increases in the years following an economic depression, total output remains below that of Japan or the United States.

正确答案： B

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20世纪80年代，许多研究拉丁美洲的经济史学家聚焦于20世纪30年代大萧条对拉丁美洲的影响。他们大多认为，尽管大萧条在拉丁美洲比在美国更早开始，但在拉丁美洲程度较轻，且未显著阻碍当地工业增长， 其论据基于政府记录和工业普查。然而，拉丁美洲政府在20世纪早期公布的经济统计数据既不可靠也不一致，尤其是制造业数据，可能因征税目的而失真，且产出水平和利润水平不一定直接相关，依靠总体经济指标可能掩盖企业间差异， 比如对巴西和墨西哥纺织业的新分析显示大萧条影响更严重。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：新旧观点对比 逻辑简图： Old view：Many economic historians Great Depression less severe in Latin America, didn't impede industrial growth (based on records and censuses) New view：Economic statistics unreliable, different situation in textile Great Depression had more severe impact on textile in Latin America 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：加强论证题 做题方法：定位到作者关于经济指标的论述，找能支持作者观点（即经济指标不可靠，不能简单得出大萧条影响小的结论）的选项。 选项分析
A选项：讨论欧洲纺织制造商在经济萧条时的情况，与拉丁美洲经济指标及大萧条对拉丁美洲影响无关，排除。 B选项：指出美国在全国经济衰退时，不同制造商利润表现差异大，说明不能仅靠总体经济指标判断，支持了作者认为依靠总体经济指标可能掩盖差异、不可靠的观点，当选。 C选项：只涉及巴西和墨西哥纺织业产出和利润增长，未体现经济指标不可靠及对整体观点的加强，排除。 D选项：说的是日本工业复苏情况，与拉丁美洲经济指标和大萧条影响无关，排除。 E选项：比较欧洲、日本和美国工业产出，与拉丁美洲经济指标和大萧条影响无关，排除。

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