【OG24-496题】The author implies that the main obstacle to a truly effective Arborian trade policy is the_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Arboria is floundering in the global marketplace, incurring devastating losses in market position and profits. The problem is not Arboria's products, but Arboria's trade policy. Arboria faces the prospect of continuing economic loss until Arborian business and political leaders recognize the fundamental differences between Arborian and foreign economic systems. Today the key trade issue is not free trade versus protectionism but diminishing trade versus expanding trade.

Arboria is operating with an obsolete trade policy, an artifact of the mid-1940s when Arboria and Whorfland dominated the global economy, tariffs were the principal obstacle to trade, and Arborian supremacy was uncontested in virtually all industries. In the intervening decades, economic circumstances have shifted radically. Arborian trade policy has not.

Today, Arboria's trade policy seems paralyzed by the relentless conflict between proponents of “free” and “fair” trade. The free traders argue that Arborian markets should be open, and the movement of goods and services across national borders unrestrained. The fair traders assert that access to Arborian markets should be restricted until Arborian businesses are granted equal access to foreign markets. They contend that free trade is impossible while other nations erect barriers to Arborian exports.

Both are correct: fair trade requires equal access and equal access leads to free trade. But both sides base their positions on the same two outdated premises:

1. Global commerce is conducted under the terms of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and dominated by Arboria and similar economic systems abroad.

2. Multilateral negotiations are the most effective way to resolve pressing trade issues.

Both assumptions are wrong. The 40-year-old GATT now covers less than 7 percent of global commerce. World trade is no longer dominated by the free-trade economies; nearly 75 percent is conducted by economic systems operating with principles at odds with those of Arboria. Forging a multilateral trade policy consensus among so many diverse economic systems has become virtually impossible. And while multilateral talks drag on, Arboria misses opportunities for trade expansion.

The author implies that the main obstacle to a truly effective Arborian trade policy is the

weak position that Arboria currently holds in the global marketplace inability of Arborian leaders to recognize that foreign economic systems are based on principles fundamentally different from their own dominance of the supporters of free trade in the conflict between free-trade and fair-trade advocates apparent inability of Arborian industries to produce goods that are competitive in the world market protectionism that characterizes the foreign trade policies of so many of Arboria's trade partners

正确答案： B

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文章大意逻辑
Arboria在全球市场表现糟糕，问题出在贸易政策而非产品。其贸易政策陈旧，源于20世纪40年代中期。如今其贸易政策受“自由贸易”和“公平贸易”支持者冲突的影响。双方虽都有道理，但基于两个过时前提。Arboria需让商业和政治领袖认识到本国与外国经济体系的根本差异，否则经济损失可能持续。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：问题分析型逻辑简图： 1. Arboria's problem: floundering in global market due to trade policy 2. Outdated trade policy origin: mid 1940s 3. Current situation: paralyzed by free fair trade conflict 4. Underlying issue: both sides based on outdated premises 5. Solution hint: leaders recognize economic system differences 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道推断题，通过定位文中“Arborian business and political leaders recognize the fundamental differences between Arborian and foreign economic systems”等相关表述来推断答案。 选项分析
A选项：Arboria目前在全球市场的弱势地位。文章强调的是贸易政策问题，而非当前市场地位本身是主要障碍，A错误。 B选项：Arborian领导人无法认识到外国经济体系基于与本国根本不同的原则。符合文章中提到的只有领导人认识到差异才能解决问题，所以这是有效贸易政策的主要障碍，B正确。 C选项：自由贸易支持者在自由贸易和公平贸易倡导者冲突中的主导地位。文章重点不是某一方的主导地位，而是双方基于的前提过时，C错误。 D选项：Arborian工业似乎无法生产在世界市场上有竞争力的商品。文章开头就表明问题不是产品，而是贸易政策，D错误。 E选项：Arboria许多贸易伙伴的贸易政策中的保护主义特征。这不是主要障碍，主要障碍是本国领导人的认识问题，E错误。

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