【OG24-491题】Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's opinion of “free traders” and “fair traders”?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Arboria is floundering in the global marketplace, incurring devastating losses in market position and profits. The problem is not Arboria's products, but Arboria's trade policy. Arboria faces the prospect of continuing economic loss until Arborian business and political leaders recognize the fundamental differences between Arborian and foreign economic systems. Today the key trade issue is not free trade versus protectionism but diminishing trade versus expanding trade.

Arboria is operating with an obsolete trade policy, an artifact of the mid-1940s when Arboria and Whorfland dominated the global economy, tariffs were the principal obstacle to trade, and Arborian supremacy was uncontested in virtually all industries. In the intervening decades, economic circumstances have shifted radically. Arborian trade policy has not.

Today, Arboria's trade policy seems paralyzed by the relentless conflict between proponents of “free” and “fair” trade. The free traders argue that Arborian markets should be open, and the movement of goods and services across national borders unrestrained. The fair traders assert that access to Arborian markets should be restricted until Arborian businesses are granted equal access to foreign markets. They contend that free trade is impossible while other nations erect barriers to Arborian exports.

Both are correct: fair trade requires equal access and equal access leads to free trade. But both sides base their positions on the same two outdated premises:

1. Global commerce is conducted under the terms of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and dominated by Arboria and similar economic systems abroad.

2. Multilateral negotiations are the most effective way to resolve pressing trade issues.

Both assumptions are wrong. The 40-year-old GATT now covers less than 7 percent of global commerce. World trade is no longer dominated by the free-trade economies; nearly 75 percent is conducted by economic systems operating with principles at odds with those of Arboria. Forging a multilateral trade policy consensus among so many diverse economic systems has become virtually impossible. And while multilateral talks drag on, Arboria misses opportunities for trade expansion.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's opinion of “free traders” and “fair traders”?

The free and the fair traders' continuing debate provides a healthy and effective forum for examining Arborian trade policy. The proponents of fair trade are essentially correct, while those who advocate free trade are not. The proponents of free trade are better able to deal with current economic problems than are the fair traders. Neither the free nor the fair traders can come up with a workable trade policy because neither takes multilateral negotiations into account. The proponents of both free and fair trade have based their positions on out-of-date premises that do not reflect current economic conditions.

正确答案： E

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文章大意逻辑
Arboria在全球市场陷入困境，问题出在贸易政策而非产品。其贸易政策过时，源于20世纪40年代中期。如今“自由贸易者”和“公平贸易者”争论不休，前者主张开放市场，后者认为应在获得平等进入外国市场机会后才开放。作者指出双方都正确，但立场基于两个过时前提。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：问题分析型 逻辑简图 Arboria's problem: floundering in global market due to trade policy Outdated trade policy: from mid 1940s Debate between free and fair traders Free traders: open markets Fair traders: restricted access until equal access is granted Author's view: both are right but based on outdated premises 做题方法及问题类型
本题为观点总结题，需通过定位到文中关于作者对“自由贸易者”和“公平贸易者”观点的描述语句（“Both are correct... But both sides base their positions on the same two outdated premises”）来解题。 选项分析
A选项：自由贸易者和公平贸易者的持续辩论为审查Arborian贸易政策提供了健康有效的论坛。文中未提及辩论是健康有效的，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：公平贸易的支持者基本正确，而倡导自由贸易的人不正确。作者认为双方都有正确之处，并非一方正确一方错误，排除。 C选项：自由贸易的支持者比公平贸易者更能应对当前经济问题。文中没有将两者应对经济问题的能力进行比较，排除。 D选项：自由贸易者和公平贸易者都无法提出可行的贸易政策，因为两者都没有考虑多边谈判。文中未提及多边谈判相关内容，排除。 E选项：自由贸易和公平贸易的支持者都基于不能反映当前经济状况的过时前提来确立他们的立场。符合文中作者观点，当选。

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