【OG24-464题】Information in the passage suggests that David Pearce would most readily endorse which of the following statements concerning monetization?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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The argument for "monetizing"—or putting a monetary value on—ecosystem functions may be stated thus: Concern about the depletion of natural resources is widespread, but this concern, in the absence of an economic argument for conservation, has not translated into significant conservational progress. Some critics blame this impasse on environmentalists, whom they believe fail to address the economic issues of environmental degradation. Conservation can appear unprofitable when compared with the economic returns derived from converting natural assets (pristine coastlines, for example) into explicitly commercial ones (such as resort hotels). But according to David Pearce, that illusion stems from the fact that "services" provided by ecological systems are not traded on the commodities market, and thus have no readily quantifiable value. To remedy this, says Pearce, one has to show that all ecosystems have economic value-indeed, that all ecological services are economic services.Tourists visiting wildlife preserves, for example, create jobs and generate income for national economies; undisturbed forests and wetlands regulate water runoff and act as water—purifying systems, saving millions of dollars worth of damage to property and to marine ecosystems. In Gretchen Daily’s view,monetization, while unpopular with many environmentalists, reflects the dominant role that economic considerations play in human behavior, and the expression of economic value in a common currency helps inform environmental decision-making processes.

Information in the passage suggests that David Pearce would most readily endorse which of the following statements concerning monetization?

Monetization represents a strategy that is attractive to both environmentalists and their critics. Monetization is an untested strategy,but it is increasingly being embraced by environmentalists. Monetization should at present be restricted to ecological services and should only gradually be extended to such commercial endeavors as tourism and recreation. Monetization can serve as a means of representing persuasively the value of environmental conservation. Monetization should inform environmental decision-making processes only if it is accepted by environmentalist groups.

正确答案： D

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文章大意逻辑
文章围绕“生态系统功能货币化”（monetizing ecosystem functions）展开讨论。指出人们虽广泛担忧自然资源枯竭，但缺乏经济论据的情况下，保护进展不大。一些批评者指责环保主义者没处理好经济问题。而David Pearce认为生态系统提供的“服务”因未在商品市场交易所以无量化价值，要证明生态系统有经济价值。还举例说明生态服务能创造就业、调节水流等。Gretchen Daily也提到货币化虽不受一些环保主义者欢迎，但反映了经济因素在人类行为中的主导作用，且用通用货币表达经济价值有助于环境决策。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：观点阐述型。逻辑简图： Concern about natural resource depletion but little conservation progress without economic argument. Critics blame environmentalists for not addressing economic issues. David Pearce: Ecosystem services have unquantified value, should show economic value. Examples of economic value of ecological services. Gretchen Daily: Monetization reflects economic dominance in human behavior, helps environmental decision making. 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：推断题。做题方法：根据题干中“David Pearce”定位到文中David Pearce相关观点处进行推断。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及货币化对环保主义者和其批评者都有吸引力，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：文章没说货币化是未经检验的策略，也没表明正被环保主义者接受，排除。 C选项：文中没有提到货币化目前应局限于生态服务，以及逐渐扩展到旅游和娱乐等商业活动，排除。 D选项：与文中David Pearce认为要证明生态系统有经济价值，货币化能展示环境保育价值相符，当选。 E选项：文中没说货币化只有被环保主义团体接受才能影响环境决策过程，排除。

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