【OG24-615题】According to the passage, which of the following is a prediction that is based on the strength of the gravitational attraction of small asteroids?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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When asteroids collide, some collisions cause an asteroid to spin faster ; others slow it down. If asteroids are all monoliths---single rocks---undergoing random collisions, a graph of their rotation rates should show a bell-shaped distribution with statistical "tails" of very fast and very slow rotators. If asteroids are rubble piles, however, the tail representing the very fast rotators would be missing, because any loose aggregate spinning faster than once every few hours (depending on the asteroid's bulk density) would fly apart. Researchers have discovered that all but five observed asteroids obey a strict limit on rate of rotation. The exceptions are all smaller than 200 meters in diameter, with an abrupt cutoff for asteroids larger than that.

The evident conclusion---that asteroids larger than 200 meters across are multicomponent structures or rubble piles---agrees with recent computer modeling of collisions, which also finds a transition at that diameter. A collision can blast a large asteroid to bits, but after the collision those bits will usually move slower than their mutual escape velocity. Over several hours, gravity will reassemble all but the fastest pieces into a rubble pile. Because collisions among asteroids are relatively frequent, most large bodies have already suffered this fate. Conversely, most small asteroids should be monolithic,because impact fragments easily escape their feeble gravity.

According to the passage, which of the following is a prediction that is based on the strength of the gravitational attraction of small asteroids?

Small asteroids will be few in number. Small asteroids will be monoliths. Small asteroids will collide with other asteroids very rarely. Most small asteroids will have very fast rotation rates. Almost no small asteroids will have very slow rotation rates.

正确答案： B

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出小行星碰撞会使其旋转速度改变，若为独石（monoliths）旋转速率呈钟形分布，若为碎石堆（rubble piles）则快速旋转的“尾部”缺失。接着说研究者发现除5个小行星外都有旋转速率限制，直径超200米的小行星是多组件结构或碎石堆，这与计算机模拟相符，碰撞会使大行星成碎石堆，而小行星因引力弱多为独石。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：现象解释型。逻辑简图： Asteroids' collision affects rotation rate: monoliths bell shaped distribution; rubble piles no fast rotator tail Observation: most asteroids obey rotation rate limit, over 200m are rubble piles Explanation: collision makes large asteroids rubble piles, small ones are monoliths due to weak gravity 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型为细节题，做题方法是通过题干关键词“the strength of the gravitational attraction of small asteroids”定位到文章中关于小行星引力相关内容。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及小行星数量少，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：原文提到“most small asteroids should be monolithic, because impact fragments easily escape their feeble gravity”，说明基于小行星的引力，小的小行星多为独石，该项正确。 C选项：文中未表明小行星极少与其他小行星碰撞，无依据，排除。 D选项：与原文不符，原文未提及多数小的小行星有很快的旋转速率，排除。 E选项：文中没有提到几乎没有小的小行星有很慢的旋转速率，排除。

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