【OG24-575题】The passage is primarily concerned with_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Frazier and Mosteller assert that medical research could be improved by a move toward larger, simpler clinical trials of medical treatments. Currently, researchers collect far more background information on patients than is strictly required for their trials-substantially more than hospitals collect-thereby escalating costs of data collection, storage, and analysis. Although limiting information collection could increase the risk that researchers will overlook facts relevant to a study, Frazier and Mosteller contend that such risk, never entirely eliminable from research, would still be small in most studies. Only in research on entirely new treatments are new and unexpected variables likely to arise.

Frazier and Mosteller propose not only that researchers limit data collection on individual patients but also that researchers enroll more patients in clinical trials, thereby obtaining a more representative sample of the total population with the disease under study. Often researchers restrict study participation to patients who have no ailments besides those being studied. A treatment judged successful under these ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions. Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosteller suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatment's efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient subgroups. For example, the value of a treatment for a progressive disease may vary according to a patient's stage of disease. Patients' ages may also affect a treatment’s efficacy.

The passage is primarily concerned with

identifying two practices in medical research that may affect the accuracy of clinical trials describing aspects of medical research that tend to drive up costs evaluating an analysis of certain shortcomings of current medical research practices describing proposed changes to the ways in which clinical trials are conducted explaining how medical researchers have traditionally conducted clinical trials and how such trials are likely to change

正确答案： D

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出Frazier和Mosteller认为医学研究可通过开展更大规模、更简单的临床试验来改善。目前研究者收集的患者背景信息远超试验严格所需，导致数据相关成本上升。尽管限制信息收集有风险，但这种风险在多数研究中较小。接着二人不仅提议限制对个体患者的数据收集，还建议在临床试验中招募更多患者以获取更具代表性的样本。他们认为拓宽试验参与者范围能帮助评估治疗在不同条件和患者亚组中的效果，还举例说明疾病阶段和患者年龄会影响治疗效果。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为观点阐述型。逻辑简图： Frazier and Mosteller assert: medical research improved by larger, simpler clinical trials Currently: excessive background info collection, increasing costs Limiting info collection risk: small in most studies Frazier and Mosteller propose: limit data collection on individual patients, enroll more patients Benefit of broader participant range: evaluate treatment efficacy for diverse patients and subgroups 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道主旨题，做题方法是通过梳理文章整体结构和核心观点来判断选项。 选项分析
A选项：文章并非主要关注确定两种可能影响临床试验准确性的医学研究实践，重点是改善医学研究的提议，A选项错误。 B选项：描述医学研究中导致成本上升的方面只是文章部分内容，不是主要关注点，B选项错误。 C选项：文章不是在评估对当前医学研究实践某些缺点的分析，而是提出改进措施，C选项错误。 D选项：文章围绕Frazier和Mosteller对临床试验开展方式提出的改变建议展开，D选项正确。 E选项：文章没有详细解释医学研究者传统上如何进行临床试验以及这种试验可能如何改变，重点是新的提议，E选项错误。

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