【OG24-478题】According to the passage, the advice referred to in highlighted text was a response to which of the following? _mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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In recent years, Western business managers have been heeding the exhortations of business journalists and academics to move their companies toward long‐term, collaborative “strategic partnerships” with their external business partners (e.g., suppliers). The experts’ advice comes as a natural reaction to numerous studies conducted during the past decade that compared Japanese production and supply practices with those of the rest of the world. The link between the success of a certain well-known Japanese automaker and its effective management of its suppliers, for example, has led to an unquestioning belief within Western management circles in the value of strategic partnerships. Indeed, in the automobile sector all three United States manufacturers and most of their European competitors have launched programs to reduce their total number of suppliers and move toward having strategic partnerships with a few.

However, new research concerning supplier relationships in various industries demonstrates that the widespread assumption of Western managers and business consultants that Japanese firms manage their suppliers primarily through strategic partnerships is unjustified. Not only do Japanese firms appear to conduct a far smaller proportion of their business through strategic partnerships than is commonly believed, but they also make extensive use of “market-exchange” relationships, in which either party can turn to the marketplace and shift to different business partners at will, a practice usually associated with Western manufacturers.

According to the passage, the advice referred to in highlighted text was a response to which of the following?

A recent decrease in the number of available suppliers within the United States automobile industry A debate within Western management circles during the past decade regarding the value of strategic partnerships The success of certain European automobile manufacturers that have adopted strategic partnerships An increase in demand over the past decade for automobiles made by Western manufacturers Research comparing Japanese business practices with those of other nations

正确答案： E

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文章大意逻辑
近年来，西方企业管理者听从商业记者和学者的劝告，让公司与外部商业伙伴建立长期合作的“战略伙伴关系”。这种建议源于过去十年大量对比日本与世界其他地区生产和供应实践的研究，比如某日本汽车制造商成功与其供应商管理有效，让西方管理界坚信战略伙伴关系的价值，汽车行业的美国制造商和多数欧洲竞争对手都采取行动。然而，新研究表明西方管理者和商业顾问认为日本企业主要通过战略伙伴关系管理供应商的普遍假设不合理，日本企业通过战略伙伴关系开展业务的比例比通常认为的小，还广泛使用“市场交换”关系。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：新旧观点对比 逻辑简图： Old view：Western business managers are heeding advice to form strategic partnerships, due to studies comparing Japan's supply chain practices. New view：New research shows the assumption that Japanese firms mainly use strategic partnerships to manage suppliers is unjustified. 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：细节题 做题方法：根据题干中“the advice referred to in highlighted text”定位到文章开头，找该建议产生的原因。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及美国汽车行业可用供应商数量近期减少，无中生有，排除。 B选项：过去十年西方管理界关于战略伙伴关系价值的辩论，文章未提及，排除。 C选项：某些采用战略伙伴关系的欧洲汽车制造商的成功，文章主要说的是日本企业相关研究对西方观念的影响，此选项与原文逻辑不符，排除。 D选项：过去十年对西方制造商生产汽车需求的增加，文中未提到需求增加与建议的关系，排除。 E选项：与文中提到的过去十年大量对比日本和世界其他地区生产和供应实践的研究相符，当选。

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