【OG24-519题】According to the passage, Kerber maintained that which of the following led to an increase in educational opportunities for women in the United States after the American Revolution? _mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Linda Kerber argued in the mid-1980s that after the American Revolution (1775–1783), an ideology of “republican motherhood” resulted in a surge of educational opportunities for women in the United States. Kerber maintained that the leaders of the new nation wanted women to be educated in order to raise politically virtuous sons. A virtuous citizenry was considered essential to the success of the country’s republican form of government; virtue was to be instilled not only by churches and schools, but by families, where the mother’s role was crucial. Thus, according to Kerber, motherhood became pivotal to the fate of the republic, providing justification for an unprecedented attention to female education.

Introduction of the “republican motherhood” thesis dramatically changed historiography. Prior to Kerber’s work, educational historians barely mentioned women and girls; Thomas Woody’s 1929 work is the notable exception. Examining newspaper advertisements for academies, Woody found that educational opportunities increased for both girls and boys around 1750. Pointing to “An Essay on Woman” (1753) as reflecting a shift in view, Woody also claimed that practical education for females had many advocates before the Revolution. Woody’s evidence challenges the notion that the Revolution changed attitudes regarding female education, although it may have accelerated earlier trends. Historians’ reliance on Kerber’s “republican motherhood” thesis may have obscured the presence of these trends, making it difficult to determine to what extent the Revolution really changed women’s lives.

According to the passage, Kerber maintained that which of the following led to an increase in educational opportunities for women in the United States after the American Revolution?

An unprecedented demand by women for greater educational opportunities in the decades following the Revolution A new political ideology calling for equality of opportunity between women and men in all aspects of life A belief that the American educational system could be reformed only if women participated more fully in that system A belief that women needed to be educated if they were to contribute to the success of the nation’s new form of government A recognition that women needed to be educated if they were to take an active role in the nation’s schools and churches

正确答案： D

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文章大意逻辑
文章围绕Linda Kerber的“共和母亲”理论展开。首先，指出Kerber认为美国革命后“共和母亲”意识形态使得美国女性教育机会激增，因为新国家领导人希望女性受教育以培养有政治美德的儿子，母性对共和国命运至关重要，这为重视女性教育提供了依据。接着，说明该理论极大改变了史学，在Kerber之前教育史学家很少提及女性，Thomas Woody是例外，他发现1750年左右男女教育机会都增加，其证据挑战了革命改变女性教育态度的观点，不过可能加速了早期趋势，且史学家依赖Kerber理论可能掩盖了一些趋势，难以确定革命对女性生活的改变程度。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为观点阐述型。逻辑简图： Kerber's view: After American Revolution, "republican motherhood" ideology led to more educational opportunities for women. Leaders wanted women to educate politically virtuous sons. Motherhood was crucial for republic. Impact on historiography: Changed historiography. Before Kerber, few historians mentioned women. Woody found educational opportunities increased around 1750. His evidence challenged the idea that Revolution changed attitudes on female education. Historians' reliance on Kerber may obscure trends. 问题类型及做题方法
问题类型为细节题，做题方法是通过题干中“Kerber maintained that...led to an increase in educational opportunities for women”定位到文章第一段中Kerber的观点阐述部分。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及女性对更多教育机会的前所未有的需求，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：文中没有提到一种要求男女在生活各方面机会平等的新政治意识形态，无中生有，排除。 C选项：文中未提及美国教育系统只有女性更多参与才能改革的相关内容，无中生有，排除。 D选项：对应第一段中“the leaders of the new nation wanted women to be educated in order to raise politically virtuous sons. A virtuous citizenry was considered essential to the success of the country's republican form of government”，即认为女性若要为国家新政府的成功做出贡献就需要受教育，该选项正确。 E选项：文中没有提到女性在国家学校和教会中发挥积极作用与教育机会增加的关系，无中生有，排除。

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