【OG24-514题】According to "the conventional view" referred to in highlighted text of the passage, brighter carotenoid-based coloration in certain species suggests that an individuall_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important part of the colorful signals used by many animals. Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues. Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid- based coloration. Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health. The conventional view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts. Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health. It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females. Males that are more susceptible to disease and parasites will have to use their carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.

According to "the conventional view" referred to in highlighted text of the passage, brighter carotenoid-based coloration in certain species suggests that an individuall

lives in a habitat rich in carotenoid-bearing plants and insects has efficient detoxification processes has a superior immune system possesses superior foraging capacity is currently capable of reproducing

正确答案： D

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇介绍类胡萝卜素是许多动物彩色信号的重要组成部分，动物获取和储存它的方式。接着说研究发现雌性在选择配偶时偏好类胡萝卜素着色更鲜艳的雄性。然后提出欧文斯和奥尔森的假设，即如果类胡萝卜素稀有或对健康必需，其在配偶选择中的存在就有意义。重点阐述传统观点认为类胡萝卜素有意义是因为其稀有，健康的雄性能比不健康的雄性觅食到更多这种色素。但也有越来越多证据表明其有意义还因为是必需的，被免疫系统和解毒过程使用，雄性可能在免疫防御和吸引雌性间分配稀缺的类胡萝卜素，易患病的雄性用其增强免疫系统，基因抗性强的雄性则用其展示。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：新旧观点对比。逻辑简图： Carotenoids: important in animal color signals, ways of acquisition Female preference for males with brighter carotenoid based coloration Owens and Olson's hypothesis The conventional view: carotenoids meaningful because rare New evidence: carotenoids meaningful also because required 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：细节题。做题方法：根据题干中“the conventional view”定位到文中表述传统观点的句子，即“ The conventional view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts.”分析选项。 选项分析
A选项：生活在富含类胡萝卜素植物和昆虫的栖息地。传统观点强调的是雄性自身觅食能力，而非栖息地情况，与传统观点不符，排除。 B选项：有高效的解毒过程。这是新证据中提到的内容，不是传统观点，排除。 C选项：有优越的免疫系统。也是新证据中关于类胡萝卜素用于免疫相关的内容，不是传统观点，排除。 D选项：拥有优越的觅食能力。符合传统观点中健康雄性能觅食到更多类胡萝卜素这一表述，当选。 E选项：目前有繁殖能力。文中传统观点未提及此内容，排除。

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