【OG24-517题】The passage implies which of the following about the insects from which animals acquire carotenoids? _mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, form an important part of the colorful signals used by many animals. Animals acquire carotenoids either directly (from the plants and algae that produce them) or indirectly (by eating insects) and store them in a variety of tissues. Studies of several animal species have shown that when choosing mates, females prefer males with brighter carotenoid- based coloration. Owens and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection if carotenoids were either rare or required for health. The conventional view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts. Although this may be true, there is growing evidence that carotenoids are meaningful also because they are required: they are used by the immune system and for detoxification processes that are important for maintaining health. It may be that males can use scarce carotenoids either for immune defense and detoxification or for attracting females. Males that are more susceptible to disease and parasites will have to use their carotenoids to boost their immune systems, whereas males that are genetically resistant will use fewer carotenoids for fighting disease and will advertise this by using the pigments for flashy display instead.

The passage implies which of the following about the insects from which animals acquire carotenoids?

They do not produce carotenoids themselves. They use carotenoids primarily for coloration. They maintain constant levels of carotenoids in their tissues. They are unable to use carotenoids to boost their immune system. They are available in greater abundance than are carotenoid-bearing plants.

正确答案： A

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇介绍类胡萝卜素是动物重要的彩色信号组成部分，动物获取它的方式有直接（从植物和藻类）或间接（吃昆虫）。接着说研究表明雌性选择配偶时偏好类胡萝卜素颜色更亮的雄性。Owens和Olson提出假设，类胡萝卜素在配偶选择中有意义，传统观点认为是因其稀有，但有越来越多证据表明因其必需性：它们被免疫系统用于解毒等维护健康的过程。雄性会在免疫防御和吸引雌性中权衡使用类胡萝卜素。 文章类型及逻辑简图
类型：新旧观点对比 逻辑简图： Introduction: Carotenoids important part of animal colorful signals, acquisition ways Old view: Carotenoids meaningful because rare New view: Growing evidence meaningful because required 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：推断题 做题方法：根据题干中“animals acquire carotenoids”定位到文章中动物获取类胡萝卜素方式的相关内容进行推断。 选项分析
A选项：文中提到动物获取类胡萝卜素要么直接从产生它们的植物和藻类，要么间接吃昆虫，这意味着昆虫本身不产生类胡萝卜素，该项可推断得出，正确。 B选项：文中未提及昆虫使用类胡萝卜素主要用于着色，排除。 C选项：文中没有关于昆虫组织中类胡萝卜素水平是否恒定的相关内容，排除。 D选项：文章只说动物免疫系统使用类胡萝卜素，未提及昆虫能否用其增强免疫系统，排除。 E选项：文中没有对昆虫和含类胡萝卜素植物数量多少的比较，排除。

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