【OG24-570题】The passage suggests which of the following about the seventeenth-century English women mentioned in the highlighted text?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women who are generally regarded as among the forerunners of modern feminism are almost all identified with the Royalist side in the conflict between Royalists and Parliamentarians known as the English Civil Wars. Since Royalist ideology is often associated with the radical patriarchalism of seventeenthcentury political theorist Robert Filmer—a patriarchalism that equates family and kingdom and asserts the divinely ordained absolute power of the king and, by analogy, of the male head of the household—historians have been understandably puzzled by the fact that Royalist women wrote the earliest extended criticisms of the absolute subordination of women in marriage and the earliest systematic assertions of women’s rational and moral equality with men. Some historians have questioned the facile equation of Royalist ideology with Filmerian patriarchalism; and indeed, there may have been no consistent differences between Royalists and Parliamentarians on issues of family organization and women’s political rights, but in that case one would expect early feminists to be equally divided between the two sides.

Catherine Gallagher argues that Royalism engendered feminism because the ideology of absolute monarchy provided a transition to an ideology of the absolute self. She cites the example of the notoriously eccentric author Margaret Cavendish (1626–1673), duchess of Newcastle. Cavendish claimed to be as ambitious as any woman could be, but knowing that as a woman she was excluded from the pursuit of power in the real world, she resolved to be mistress of her own world, the “immaterial world” that any person can create within her own mind—and, as a writer, on paper. In proclaiming what she called her “singularity,” Cavendish insisted that she was a self-sufficient being within her mental empire, the center of her own subjective universe rather than a satellite orbiting a dominant male planet. In justifying this absolute singularity, Cavendish repeatedly invoked the model of the absolute monarch, a figure that became a metaphor for the self-enclosed, autonomous nature of the individual person. Cavendish’s successors among early feminists retained her notion of woman’s sovereign self, but they also sought to break free from the complete political and social isolation that her absolute singularity entailed.

The passage suggests which of the following about the seventeenth-century English women mentioned in the highlighted text?

Their status as forerunners of modern feminism is not entirely justified. They did not openly challenge the radical patriarchalism of Royalist Filmerian ideology. Cavendish was the first among these women to criticize women’s subordination in marriage and assert women’s equality with men. Their views on family organization and women’s political rights were diametrically opposed to those of both Royalist and Parliamentarian ideology. Historians would be less puzzled if more of them were identified with the Parliamentarian side in the English Civil Wars.

正确答案： E

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17世纪英国现代女权主义先驱者大多与保皇党相关，而保皇党意识形态常和激进父权主义联系，这让历史学家困惑，因这些女性写了最早对女性在婚姻中绝对从属的批判以及最早系统主张女性与男性的理性和道德平等。一些历史学家质疑保皇党意识形态与激进父权主义的简单等同，也无证据表明保皇党和议会党在家庭组织和女性政治权利上有持续差异。Catherine Gallagher认为保皇主义催生女权主义，因绝对君主制意识形态提供了向绝对自我意识形态的过渡，并以Margaret Cavendish为例，她宣称自己虽现实中无法追求权力，但在精神世界是主宰。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：现象解释型。逻辑简图： Phenomenon: 17 century English women forerunners of modern feminism are mostly Royalist. Puzzle: Royalist ideology linked to radical patriarchalism while Royalist women criticized women's subordination. Some historians' view: Question the simple equation of Royalist ideology and Filmerian patriarchalism. Catherine Gallagher's view: Royalism engendered feminism, with Cavendish as an example. 做题方法及问题类型
问题类型：推断题。做题方法：通过定位文中对17世纪英国女性相关描述进行推断。定位提示句子为文章首句及后续对这些女性观点和背景的阐述。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及她们作为现代女权主义先驱者的地位是否完全合理，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：文中说她们写了对女性在婚姻中从属的批判，说明是挑战了保皇党父权主义的，该项与原文不符，排除。 C选项：文中未表明Cavendish是第一个进行此类批判和主张的女性，排除。 D选项：文中没有证据表明她们的观点与保皇党和议会党在家庭组织和女性政治权利方面是完全对立的，排除。 E选项：因为保皇党意识形态和女权主义表现有冲突让历史学家困惑，所以如果更多女性与议会党相关，历史学家的困惑会减少，该项可以从文中合理推断，当选。

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