【OG24-571题】The passage suggests that Margaret Cavendish’s decision to become an author was motivated, at least in part, by a desire to_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women who are generally regarded as among the forerunners of modern feminism are almost all identified with the Royalist side in the conflict between Royalists and Parliamentarians known as the English Civil Wars. Since Royalist ideology is often associated with the radical patriarchalism of seventeenthcentury political theorist Robert Filmer—a patriarchalism that equates family and kingdom and asserts the divinely ordained absolute power of the king and, by analogy, of the male head of the household—historians have been understandably puzzled by the fact that Royalist women wrote the earliest extended criticisms of the absolute subordination of women in marriage and the earliest systematic assertions of women’s rational and moral equality with men. Some historians have questioned the facile equation of Royalist ideology with Filmerian patriarchalism; and indeed, there may have been no consistent differences between Royalists and Parliamentarians on issues of family organization and women’s political rights, but in that case one would expect early feminists to be equally divided between the two sides.

Catherine Gallagher argues that Royalism engendered feminism because the ideology of absolute monarchy provided a transition to an ideology of the absolute self. She cites the example of the notoriously eccentric author Margaret Cavendish (1626–1673), duchess of Newcastle. Cavendish claimed to be as ambitious as any woman could be, but knowing that as a woman she was excluded from the pursuit of power in the real world, she resolved to be mistress of her own world, the “immaterial world” that any person can create within her own mind—and, as a writer, on paper. In proclaiming what she called her “singularity,” Cavendish insisted that she was a self-sufficient being within her mental empire, the center of her own subjective universe rather than a satellite orbiting a dominant male planet. In justifying this absolute singularity, Cavendish repeatedly invoked the model of the absolute monarch, a figure that became a metaphor for the self-enclosed, autonomous nature of the individual person. Cavendish’s successors among early feminists retained her notion of woman’s sovereign self, but they also sought to break free from the complete political and social isolation that her absolute singularity entailed.

The passage suggests that Margaret Cavendish’s decision to become an author was motivated, at least in part, by a desire to

justify her support for the Royalist cause encourage her readers to work toward eradicating Filmerian patriarchalism persuade other women to break free from their political and social isolation analyze the causes for women’s exclusion from the pursuit of power create a world over which she could exercise total control

正确答案： E

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出一个奇怪但确凿的事实：十七世纪被视为现代女权先驱的英国女性，在英国内战中大多站在保皇派一边。保皇派意识形态常与菲尔默的父权主义联系，而保皇派女性却对婚姻中女性的绝对从属提出批判，这让历史学家感到困惑。一些历史学家质疑保皇派意识形态与菲尔默父权主义的简单等同。凯瑟琳·加拉格尔认为保皇主义催生了女权主义，因为绝对君主制的意识形态为绝对自我的意识形态提供了过渡，并以玛格丽特·卡文迪什为例，她渴望成为自己精神世界的主宰，通过写作来实现。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：现象解释型逻辑简图： 1. Fact: 17 century English women modern feminism forerunners mostly Royalist in Civil Wars. 2. Puzzle: Royalist ideology Filmerian patriarchalism, but Royalist women criticized female subordination. 3. Some historians' view: Question the simple equation. 4. Catherine Gallagher's view: Royalism engendered feminism, e.g., Margaret Cavendish. 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道细节推断题，通过定位关键词“Margaret Cavendish”和“decision to become an author”所在段落，即文章后半部分关于Catherine Gallagher观点及Cavendish例子的内容来推断答案。 选项分析
A选项：文章未提及她成为作家是为了为自己支持保皇派事业辩护，无中生有，排除。 B选项：文中没有信息表明她是为了鼓励读者根除菲尔默父权主义，排除。 C选项：没有证据显示她是为了劝说其他女性摆脱政治和社会孤立，排除。 D选项：文中没有对女性被排除在追求权力之外的原因进行分析相关内容，排除。 E选项：根据文中“she resolved to be mistress of her own world, the 'immaterial world' that any person can create within her own mind—and, as a writer, on paper”可知，她想创造一个自己能完全掌控的世界，该项符合文意，当选。

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