【OG24-531题】The primary purpose of the passage is to_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

最新题目

题目内容

纠错

Manufacturers have to do more than build large manufacturing plants to realize economies of scale.It is true that as the capacity of a manufacturing operation rises, costs per unit of output fall as plant size approaches "minimum efficient scale," where the cost per unit of output reaches a minimum, determined roughly by the state of existing technology and size of the potential market. However, minimum efficient scale cannot be fully realized unless a steady "throughput" (the flow of materials through a plant) is attained. The throughput needed to maintain the optimal scale of production requires careful coordination not only of the flow of goods through the production process, but also of the flow of input from suppliers and the flow of output to wholesalers and final consumers. If throughput falls below a critical point, unit costs rise sharply and profits disappear. A manufacturer’s fixed costs and "sunk costs" (original capital investment in the physical plant) do not decrease when production declines due to inadequate supplies of raw materials, problems on the factory floor, or inefficient sales networks. Consequently, potential economies of scale are based on the physical and engineering characteristics of the production facilities—that is, on tangible capital—but realized economies of scale are operational and organizational, and depend on knowledge, skills, experience, and teamwork—that is, on organized human capabilities, or intangible capital.

The importance of investing in intangible capital becomes obvious when one looks at what happens in new capital-intensive manufacturing industries. Such industries are quickly dominated, not by the first firms to acquire technologically sophisticated plants of theoretically optimal size, but rather by the first to exploit the full potential of such plants. Once some firms achieve this, a market becomes extremely hard to enter. Challengers must construct comparable plants and do so after the first movers have already worked out problems with suppliers or with new production processes. Challengers must create distribution networks and marketing systems in markets where first movers have all the contacts and know-how. And challengers must recruit management teams to compete with those that have already mastered these functional and strategic activities.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

point out the importance of intangible capital for realizing economies of scale in manufacturing show that manufacturers frequently gain a competitive advantage from investment in large manufacturing facilities argue that large manufacturing facilities often fail because of inadequate investment in both tangible and intangible capital suggest that most new industries are likely to be dominated by firms that build large manufacturing plants early explain why large manufacturing plants usually do not help manufacturers achieve economies of scale

正确答案： A

参考解析

提交我的解析

文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出制造商要实现规模经济，不能仅靠建造大型制造工厂。接着阐述虽然随着生产运营能力上升，单位产出成本会下降，但要完全实现“最低有效规模”，需达到稳定的“吞吐量”，这需要多方面协调，否则单位成本会上升、利润消失。然后说明潜在规模经济基于有形资本，但实现的规模经济取决于组织化的人力能力等无形资本。最后以新的资本密集型制造业为例，表明投资无形资本很重要，率先充分利用工厂潜力的企业会占据主导。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型：观点阐述型 逻辑简图： Manufacturers need more than large plants to realize economies of scale. Minimum efficient scale requires steady throughput. Potential economies of scale are based on tangible capital, but realized ones depend on intangible capital. Example in new capital intensive manufacturing industries shows the importance of intangible capital investment. 问题类型及做题方法
这是一道主旨题，可通过梳理文章整体论述内容，把握核心观点来解答。 选项分析
A选项：指出无形资本对于实现制造业规模经济的重要性，符合文章核心观点，当选。 B选项：文章强调仅投资大型制造设施不够，还需无形资本，该项只说从投资大型制造设施获得竞争优势，片面，排除。 C选项：文章未提及大型制造设施因有形和无形资本投资不足而失败，排除。 D选项：文章未讨论新行业是否由早期建造大型制造工厂的公司主导，排除。 E选项：文章说的是仅大型制造工厂不能实现规模经济，而非通常不帮助实现，表述不准确，排除。

题目讨论 (如果对题目有任何的疑惑，欢迎在这里提出来，大家会帮你解答的哦~)

还没有人评论,赶快抢个沙发~

做题笔记

参考解析

题目讨论 (如果对题目有任何的疑惑，欢迎在这里提出来，大家会帮你解答的哦~)

请选择错误类型：

请描述一下这个错误：