【OG24-555题】The passage suggests that the "relationship" mentioned in the highlighted text was initially recognized when archaeologists_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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Historical documents have revealed that among the Timucua of Florida, a Native American people, the best from the hunt or the harvest was given to families of high social status, even in times of economic stress. Archaeological research suggests a similar relationship between social status and diet in the Dallas communities of eastern Tennessee, prehistoric Native American groups with a social organization and economy similar to that of the Timucua. The first real clue came when archaeologists discovered that skeletons of higher-status individuals tended to be several centimeters taller than those of people of lower status.

In the largest Dallas communities, some individuals were buried in the earthen mounds that served as substructures for buildings important to civic and religious affairs. These burials included quantities of finely crafted items made of nonlocal material, denoting the high political standing of those interred. Burials of lower-status individuals contained primarily utilitarian items such as cooking vessels and chipped Stone tools and are located in more remote sections of the settlements. The burials actually formed a pattern, the tallest skeletons being found in the mounds, and the heights declining as burials became more distant from the mounds. While it is possible that taller people were simply more successful in achieving high social standing, it is more likely that a number of stresses, including those resulting from a relatively poor diet, which could affect stature, were common among the lower-status groups.

Excavations indicate that three food categories made up the bulk of the population's diet: agricultural crops cultivated in the fertile alluvial soils where the communities were located, game, and wild edible plants, primarily nuts. Information about dietary variation among community members is derived by analyzing trace elements in human bone. Higher than normal levels of manganese, strontium, and vanadium probably indicate a less nutritious diet heavily dependent on edible plants. Very low concentrations of vanadium, which is scarce in meats and somewhat lower in nuts than in other plant resources, are good evidence of meat consumption and thus a better balanced-diet. As expected, vanadium was found in considerably greater quantities in skeletons in the burials of lower-status groups.

The passage suggests that the "relationship" mentioned in the highlighted text was initially recognized when archaeologists

attempted to trace the ancestry of the Timucua of Florida discovered a height differential among members of subgroups in the Dallas community realized that the Dallas communities endured periods of nutritional deprivation began to compare the social organization and economies of the Timucua with that of the Dallas communities became curious about differences in trace elements found in the bones of Dallas community members

正确答案： B

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文章大意逻辑
文章开篇指出历史文献显示佛罗里达的蒂穆夸人（Timucua）中，最好的狩猎或收获物会给社会地位高的家庭。接着提到考古研究表明田纳西东部达拉斯社区（与蒂穆夸人社会组织和经济相似）中社会地位和饮食也有类似关系。考古学家发现达拉斯社区中地位高的人的骨骼比地位低的人高几厘米，还介绍了达拉斯社区不同地位人的墓葬情况及食物构成等信息。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为总分结构。逻辑简图： Topic: Relationship between social status and diet in Native American groups Timucua: Best from hunt/harvest to high status families Dallas communities: Similar relationship, higher status skeletons taller, different burials, diet composition 问题类型及做题方法
问题类型为细节推断题。做题方法是通过定位文中“relationship”相关表述，即考古学家发现社会地位和饮食关系的线索处进行推断。定位提示句子为“The first real clue came when archaeologists discovered that skeletons of higher status individuals tended to be several centimeters taller than those of people of lower status.” 选项分析
A选项：“attempted to trace the ancestry of the Timucua of Florida”，文章重点不是追溯蒂穆夸人的祖先，与发现“relationship”的线索无关，排除。 B选项：“discovered a height differential among members of subgroups in the Dallas community”，符合文中考古学家通过发现达拉斯社区不同地位人群骨骼高度差异从而认识到社会地位和饮食关系的描述，正确。 C选项：“realized that the Dallas communities endured periods of nutritional deprivation”，意识到达拉斯社区经历营养匮乏时期与最初认识到社会地位和饮食关系的线索无关，排除。 D选项：“began to compare the social organization and economies of the Timucua with that of the Dallas communities”，开始比较两者社会组织和经济不是最初认识到该关系的原因，排除。 E选项：“became curious about differences in trace elements found in the bones of Dallas community members”，对达拉斯社区成员骨骼中微量元素差异好奇并非最初认识到该关系的契机，排除。

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