【OG24-486题】The passage suggests that many African American people responded to their experiences in the armed forces in which of the following ways?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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When Jamaican-born social activist Marcus Garvey came to the United States in 1916, he arrived at precisely the right historical moment. What made the moment right was the return of African American soldiers from the First World War in 1918, which created an ideal constituency for someone with Garvey's message of unity, pride, and improved conditions for African American communities.

Hoping to participate in the traditional American ethos of individual success, many African American people entered the armed forces with enthusiasm, only to find themselves segregated from white troops and subjected to numerous indignities. They returned to a United States that was as segregated as it had been before the war. Considering similar experiences, anthropologist Anthony F. C. Wallace has argued that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture’s expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement: an organized, conscious effort to construct a culture that fulfills longstanding expectations.

Some scholars have argued that Garvey created the consciousness from which he built, in the 1920s, the largest revitalization movement in African American history. But such an argument only tends to obscure the consciousness of identity, strength, and sense of history that already existed in the African American community. Garvey did not create this consciousness; rather, he gave this consciousness its political expression.

The passage suggests that many African American people responded to their experiences in the armed forces in which of the following ways?

they maintained as civilians their enthusiastic allegiance to the armed forces. they questioned United States involvement in the First World War. they joined political organizations to protest the segregation of African American troops and the indignities they suffered in the military. they became aware of the gap between their expectations and the realities of American culture. they repudiated Garvey's message of pride and unity.

正确答案： D

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1916 年牙买加出生的社会活动家 Marcus Garvey 来到美国，恰逢其时。1918 年非裔美国士兵从一战归来，为 Garvey 的团结、自豪及改善非裔美国人社区状况的理念创造了理想的受众群体。很多非裔美国人怀着参与美国个人成功传统精神的热情参军，却遭遇种族隔离和羞辱，回国后情况依旧。人类学家 Anthony F. C. Wallace 认为文化期望与现实的差距会引发复兴运动。一些学者认为 Garvey 在 20 世纪 20 年代创建了非裔美国人历史上最大的复兴运动，但这种观点模糊了非裔美国人社区早已存在的身份、力量和历史意识，Garvey 只是赋予了这种意识政治表达。 文章类型及逻辑简图
文章类型为观点阐述型。逻辑简图： Marcus Garvey came to US in 1916, right moment due to African American soldiers' return in 1918. African American soldiers joined armed forces enthusiastically but faced segregation and indignities. Wallace's view: gap between culture expectations and reality can inspire revitalization movement. Some scholars' view on Garvey creating revitalization movement, and counter argument that Garvey just gave political expression to existing consciousness. 做题方法及问题类型
这是一道细节推断题，通过定位文中关于非裔美国人在军队经历后的反应相关内容来解题，定位提示句子为“Hoping to participate in the traditional American ethos of individual success, many African American people entered the armed forces with enthusiasm, only to find themselves segregated from white troops and subjected to numerous indignities.” 。 选项分析
A选项：文中未提及非裔美国人作为平民对军队保持热情忠诚，属于无中生有，排除。 B选项：文章没有提到他们质疑美国参与一战，排除。 C选项：文中未提及他们加入政治组织抗议军队中的隔离和羞辱，排除。 D选项：根据文中“when a perceptible gap arises between a culture’s expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement”以及非裔美国人在军队的遭遇可知，他们意识到了美国文化期望与现实之间的差距，该项正确。 E选项：文中说 Garvey 的理念有受众群体，并未提及他们拒绝 Garvey 的自豪和团结理念，排除。

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