【OG24-484题】According to the passage, prior to Bergh's study, research on the role of top executives of acquired companies in business acquisition success was limited in which of the following ways?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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In an effort to explain why business acquisitions often fail, scholars have begun to focus on the role of top executives of acquired companies. Acquired companies that retain their top executives tend to have more successful outcomes than those that do not. Furthermore, existing research suggests that retaining the highestlevel top executives, such as the CEO(chief executive officer) and COO (chief operating officer), is related more positively to postacquisitionsuccess than retaining lower-ranked top executives. However, this explanation, while insightful, suffers from two limitations.First, the focus on positional rank does not recognize the variation in length of service that may exist in top executive posts across companies, (15) nor does it address which particular top executives (with respect to length of service) should be retained to achieve a successful acquisition outcome. Second, the relationship between retained top executives and acquisition outcomes offered by existing research ( is subject to opposing theoretical explanations related to length of service. The resource based view (RBV) suggests that keeping acquired company top executives with longer organizational tenure would lead to more successful outcomes, as those executives have idiosyncratic and nontransferable knowledge of the acquired company that would be valuable for the effective implementation of the acquisition. The opposing position, offered by the upper echelons perspective (UEP), suggests that retaining top executives having short organizational tenure would lead to more successful outcomes, as they would have the adaptability to manage most effectively during the uncertainty of the acquisition process.

Responding to these limitations, Bergh conducted a study of executive retention and acquisition outcome that focused on the organizational tenure of retained company top executives in 104 acquisitions, followed over 5 years. Bergh considered the acquisition successful if the acquired company was retained and unsuccessful if it was divested. Bergh's findings support the RBV position. Apparently, the benefits of long organizational tenure lead to more successful outcomes than the benefits of short organizational tenure. While longer tenured top executives may have trouble adapting to change, it appears that their perspectives and knowledge bases offer unique value after the acquisition. Although from the UEP position it seems sensible to retain less tenured executives and allow more tenured ones to leave, such a strategy appears to lower the probability of acquisition success.

According to the passage, prior to Bergh's study, research on the role of top executives of acquired companies in business acquisition success was limited in which of the following ways?

It did not address how the organizational tenure of top executives affects postacquisition success. It did not address why some companies have longer-tenured CEOs than others. It did not consider strategies for retaining longtenured top executives of acquired companies. It failed to differentiate between the contribution of highest-level top executives to postacquisition success and that of lower-ranked top executives. It underestimated the potential contribution that lower-level top executives can make to postacquisition success.

正确答案： A

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文章大意逻辑
学者们为解释企业收购常失败的原因，开始关注被收购公司高管的作用。现有研究表明保留高层高管与收购成功正相关，但此解释有两个局限：一是只关注职位排名，没考虑服务时长差异及该保留哪些高管；二是现有研究关于保留高管与收购结果的关系有两种对立理论解释。基于资源观（RBV）认为保留任期长的高管更好，上层梯队视角（UEP）认为保留任期短的高管更好。为回应这些局限，Bergh进行了一项研究。 文章类型与逻辑简图
文章类型为新旧观点对比。逻辑简图： Old view：Existing research on acquired company top executives in business acquisition success has a positive view on retaining high level top executives, but has two limitations. Limitations： Focus on positional rank ignores service length variation and which top executives to retain. Opposing theoretical explanations related to length of service (RBV vs UEP). New view：Bergh conducted a study to respond to these limitations. 问题类型与做题方法
问题类型为细节题，做题方法是通过题干中“prior to Bergh's study”和“limited in which of the following ways”定位到文章中关于现有研究局限性的描述部分。 选项分析
A选项：“It did not address how the organizational tenure of top executives affects post acquisition success.”（它没有提及高管的组织任期如何影响收购后的成功）。符合文章中提到的第一个局限，即现有研究只关注职位排名，没考虑服务时长（也就是组织任期）对收购后成功的影响，所以该选项正确。 B选项：文章讨论的是收购成功和高管任期等相关内容，而非公司为何有任期长的CEO，该选项无关，排除。 C选项：文章重点是现有研究对收购成功和高管的探讨，不是保留长期任职高管的策略，该选项无关，排除。 D选项：现有研究并非没区分高层和低层高管对收购成功的贡献，而是有两种对立理论关于任期长短与收购成功的关系，该选项错误，排除。 E选项：文章未提及低估低层高管对收购成功的潜在贡献，该选项无关，排除。

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