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Marco: Giant kangaroos—one of several extinct species of large mammals (megafauna)—went extinct in Australia around 46,000 years ago. The deposits and wear patterns on the teeth of these animals from around the time of their extinction indicate that they fed mostly on saltbrush shrubs. Saltbrush thrives in arid climates, so it is not likely that the kangaroos’ food supply was adversely affected by the increasing aridity of the climate at the time. Thus, something else would have to account for their extinction, and the best candidate for that cause is predation by humans.Fatima: That argument alone is not likely to satisfy many researchers in this field. Have you found any other evidence to bolster your conclusion?Select Marco for the statement that, if true, most justifies Marco’s assertions, and select Fatima, for the statement that, if true, most justifies Fatima’s skepticism about Marco’s assertions. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Marco	Fatima
Giant kangaroos became extinct during a period that was less arid than previous periods they endured.	Giant kangaroos became extinct during a period that was less arid than previous periods they endured.	Giant kangaroos became extinct during a period that was less arid than previous periods they endured.
Many researchers believe humans first arrived in Australia around 40，000 years ago.	Many researchers believe humans first arrived in Australia around 40，000 years ago.	Many researchers believe humans first arrived in Australia around 40，000 years ago.
Approximately 60 different species in Australia died out in the wave of extinctions around 46，000 years ago.	Approximately 60 different species in Australia died out in the wave of extinctions around 46，000 years ago.	Approximately 60 different species in Australia died out in the wave of extinctions around 46，000 years ago.
Fossils of giant kangaroos also show evidence that those animals’diets routinely included plants other than saltbrush.	Fossils of giant kangaroos also show evidence that those animals’diets routinely included plants other than saltbrush.	Fossils of giant kangaroos also show evidence that those animals’diets routinely included plants other than saltbrush.
Several types of megafauna larger than the giant kangaroo went extinct around 46，000 years ago.	Several types of megafauna larger than the giant kangaroo went extinct around 46，000 years ago.	Several types of megafauna larger than the giant kangaroo went extinct around 46，000 years ago.

正确答案： 1,2

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知识点概述
此题主要涉及逻辑推理中的因果关系判断。Marco提出巨型袋鼠灭绝原因不是食物供应受气候干旱影响，而是人类捕食；Fatima对Marco观点持怀疑态度，需要找到分别支持两人观点的论据。解析
- 支持Marco：“Fossils of giant kangaroos also show evidence that those animals' diets routinely included plants other than saltbrush.”（巨型袋鼠化石显示其饮食常规上包括盐灌木以外的植物），这进一步说明其食物来源丰富，不是因气候干旱影响食物供应导致灭绝，支持了Marco认为有其他因素（人类捕食）导致灭绝的观点。 - 支持Fatima：“Many researchers believe humans first arrived in Australia around 40,000 years ago.”（许多研究人员认为人类大约在4万年前首次抵达澳大利亚），而巨型袋鼠在约4.6万年前灭绝，人类到达时间晚于袋鼠灭绝时间，削弱了人类捕食是袋鼠灭绝原因的观点，支持了Fatima对Marco观点的怀疑。

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