In view of the motivation for the bill as presented in the government response, which one of the following would, if true, most strongly support a case against the need for the law proposed in the bill?_mofa留学圈mofaGRE在线题库系统_GRE在线搜题_GRE题库解析_GRE真题机经_GRE课程_GRE培训机构

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纠错

Software Company
Government Response

A bill before Parliament would require all of government to use only open-source software, i.e., software that is nonproprietary, based on code the user is allowed to redistribute and alter in any way. The bill appears to assume that open-source software is free. However, research has shown that the purchase cost of open source software is about 8% of the total cost associated with the use of the software, and that the cost of utilization—the sum of all non-purchase costs including installation, maintenance, administration, and downtime—is much higher than it is in the case of proprietary software.The bill would require government to undergo an intensive program of software migration, at considerable immediate cost and risk. And because multiple versions of open-source software exist, the bill’s measures are likely to increase compatibility problems between the information-technology systems of government agencies, as well as between government systems and private-sector systems.

We are aware that open-source software is not always offered free of charge. And although savings are indeed mentioned in the bill, its primary aim is to protect citizens’ free access to information. Because the bill requires that encoding of data not be tied to a single software provider, it is able to guarantee this free access.The bill would indeed require government to begin an intensive process of software migration that would not otherwise be undertaken. However, the high cost of software migration in general is an argument in favor of the bill. The longer a particular information technology system is used, the more expensive migration to a different system becomes. Because open-source software allows the encoding of data in standard and adaptable formats, software migration becomes much easier and less expensive once open-source software is installed. And of course, migration from proprietary to open-source software would entail no greater cost than would migration between two different proprietary software systems.

In view of the motivation for the bill as presented in the government response, which one of the following would, if true, most strongly support a case against the need for the law proposed in the bill?

Various stakeholders, including members of the public, have objected to having to learn new systems for accessing information from the government, as they will need to do if the bill is enacted.
There is proprietary software that can perform essential government tasks and that has lower total costs (purchase costs plus utilization costs) than open-source software.
There are proprietary software packages that, if implemented across all of government, would ensure compatibility between government information technology systems.
Many businesses would have to conduct their own software migrations if the bill is enacted, and have objected to the costs this will involve.
There is proprietary software that can be affordably implemented by the government and that would fully guarantee free access to information by citizens.

正确答案： E

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知识点概述
GMAT中的批判性推理，考查对论点的分析和削弱能力，通过找出能反驳给定法案必要性的论据来解题。解析
题干中法案要求政府只用开源软件，理由可能是认为其免费，但实际上开源软件总体成本高且有兼容性等问题。B选项指出存在能执行政府关键任务且总成本更低的专有软件，直接说明了专有软件在成本和功能上更具优势，有力地反驳了法案要求只用开源软件的必要性，所以B选项正确。其他选项A说的是公众学习新系统的问题、C强调兼容性但没涉及成本、D是企业对成本的反对、E说的是保证公民免费获取信息，均未从核心的成本和软件适用性方面对法案必要性构成有力反驳。

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