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纠错

In an experiment, one thousand nine-year-old children were allowed to choose whether to participate in a program in which the researchers taught them dance during the daily break from their lessons. Four hundred of the children chose to participate for at least one year. At the end of the year, researchers found that the children who had participated had significantly better balance, on average, than those who had not. The researchers hypothesized that dancing resulted in a sustained improvement in the children’s sense of balance.It would be most helpful in evaluating the researcher’s hypothesis to know whether the researchers ___1___ prior to having ___2___.Select Researchers for the phrase that fills the blank labeled 1 in the given statement, and select Prior to for the phrase that fills the blank labeled 2 in the given statement to create the most accurate statement on the basis of the information provided. Make only two selections, one in each column.

1 Researchers	2 Prior to
tested the children’s ability to dance	tested the children’s ability to dance	tested the children’s ability to dance
designed a second experiment	designed a second experiment	designed a second experiment
divided the children into the two experimental groups	divided the children into the two experimental groups	divided the children into the two experimental groups
tested the children’s sense of balance	tested the children’s sense of balance	tested the children’s sense of balance
taught dance to the children through the dance program	taught dance to the children through the dance program	taught dance to the children through the dance program

正确答案： 4,5

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知识点概述
实验评估中的因果关系判断，需考虑实验前的基础情况对结果的影响。解析
研究者假设跳舞导致孩子平衡感持续提升。为评估该假设，关键是知道在教孩子跳舞（taught dance to the children through the dance program ）之前，是否测试了孩子的平衡感（tested the children’s sense of balance ）。若没测，就无法确定是跳舞提升了平衡感，还是原本参与的孩子平衡感就好。所以 1 选“tested the children’s sense of balance”，2 选“taught dance to the children through the dance program” 。

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