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Swamp sparrows live in a variety of wetland habitats. Unlike most swamp sparrows, which live in freshwater habitats, the coastal-plain subspecies lives in tidal wetlands, where freshwater and seawater mix and the mud is gray rather than brown. Coastal-plain swamp sparrows differ from all other populations of swamp sparrows in having plumage that is gray brown rather than rusty brown. DNA analysis indicates several important genetic differences between swamp sparrows that inhabit tidal marshes and other subspecies of swamp sparrows. Therefore there must have been genetic-selection pressure on swamp sparrows in tidal marshes to become darker and grayer.Select Strengthen for the statement that would, if true, most strengthen the argument, and select Weaken for the statement that would, if true, most weaken the argument. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Strengthen	Weaken
None of the genetic differences that have been identified in the genomes of coastal-plain swamp sparrows and freshwater swamp sparrows affect plumage color.	None of the genetic differences that have been identified in the genomes of coastal-plain swamp sparrows and freshwater swamp sparrows affect plumage color.	None of the genetic differences that have been identified in the genomes of coastal-plain swamp sparrows and freshwater swamp sparrows affect plumage color.
Mud in tidal marshes tends to be grayish because of the presence of iron sulfide，whereas freshwater mud is browner because of the presence of iron oxide.	Mud in tidal marshes tends to be grayish because of the presence of iron sulfide，whereas freshwater mud is browner because of the presence of iron oxide.	Mud in tidal marshes tends to be grayish because of the presence of iron sulfide，whereas freshwater mud is browner because of the presence of iron oxide.
Some species of birds that live in tidal marshes do not have gray plumage.	Some species of birds that live in tidal marshes do not have gray plumage.	Some species of birds that live in tidal marshes do not have gray plumage.
The diets of both coastal-plain and freshwater swamp sparrows can change significantly from season to season.	The diets of both coastal-plain and freshwater swamp sparrows can change significantly from season to season.	The diets of both coastal-plain and freshwater swamp sparrows can change significantly from season to season.
Baby birds of the coastal-plain subspecies and baby birds of a freshwater swamp subspecies，all raised on an identical diet under controlled conditions， grew plumage similar in color to that of their respective parents.	Baby birds of the coastal-plain subspecies and baby birds of a freshwater swamp subspecies，all raised on an identical diet under controlled conditions， grew plumage similar in color to that of their respective parents.	Baby birds of the coastal-plain subspecies and baby birds of a freshwater swamp subspecies，all raised on an identical diet under controlled conditions， grew plumage similar in color to that of their respective parents.

正确答案： 5,1

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知识点概述
本题主要涉及逻辑推理中的加强和削弱论证的知识点，通过分析论据与论点之间的逻辑关系，判断选项对论点的影响。解析
- 论点：潮汐沼泽中的沼泽麻雀受到了基因选择压力，从而羽毛变得更暗更灰。 - 论据：沿海平原亚种（生活在潮汐湿地）的沼泽麻雀羽毛是灰棕色，与其他淡水栖息地的沼泽麻雀羽毛颜色不同，且DNA分析表明有重要遗传差异。 - 加强项：沿海平原亚种和淡水沼泽麻雀幼鸟在相同饮食控制条件下，长出和各自亲代相似颜色的羽毛。这排除了饮食等环境因素对羽毛颜色的影响，更倾向于是基因因素，加强了基因选择压力影响羽毛颜色的论点。 - 削弱项：在沿海平原沼泽麻雀和淡水沼泽麻雀基因组中识别出的遗传差异都不影响羽毛颜色。直接切断了论据中遗传差异与论点中羽毛颜色变化之间的联系，削弱了论点。

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