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Archaeologist: There were several porcelain-production centers in 18th-century Britain, among them Bristol, Plymouth, and New Hall. Each center developed a unique recipe for its porcelain that might include flint glass, soapstone, bone ash, clay, quartz, and so on. We will therefore be able to determine, on the basis of compositional analysis, where the next cup we recover from this archaeological site was made.Indicate two different statements as follows: one statement identifies an assumption required by the archaeologist’s argument and the other identifies a possible fact that would, if true, provide significant logical support for the required assumption. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Assumption Required Possible Fact
Other cups have been recovered from the archeological site,all of which were made of porcelain.
Other cups have been recovered from the archeological site,all of which were made of porcelain.
Other cups have been recovered from the archeological site,all of which were made of porcelain.
Some of the cups recovered from the archeological site were not made of porcelain.
Some of the cups recovered from the archeological site were not made of porcelain.
Some of the cups recovered from the archeological site were not made of porcelain.
The next cup to be recovered from the site will likely be made of porcelain.
The next cup to be recovered from the site will likely be made of porcelain.
The next cup to be recovered from the site will likely be made of porcelain.
Porcelain makers often traveled between centers,experimenting with one another’s recipes.
Porcelain makers often traveled between centers,experimenting with one another’s recipes.
Porcelain makers often traveled between centers,experimenting with one another’s recipes.
There was considerable overlap of materials in the recipes used by the various centers.
There was considerable overlap of materials in the recipes used by the various centers.
There was considerable overlap of materials in the recipes used by the various centers.
Most porcelain in 18th-century Britain was made at one of the several centers.
Most porcelain in 18th-century Britain was made at one of the several centers.
Most porcelain in 18th-century Britain was made at one of the several centers.
正确答案: 3,1

参考解析

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    知识点概述
    本题涉及逻辑推理中的假设(Assumption)和加强(Strengthen)知识点,需要找出论点成立的必要假设以及能支持该假设的事实。 解析
    - 假设:“The next cup to be recovered from the site will likely be made of porcelain.”(从该遗址中找到的下一个杯子很可能是瓷器)。因为考古学家是基于瓷器制作中心的独特配方来判断杯子产地,所以前提是找到的杯子得是瓷器,否则无法用此方法判断。 - 支持假设的可能事实:“Most porcelain in 18 - century Britain was made at one of the several centers.”(18世纪英国的大多数瓷器是在几个制作中心之一制作的)。如果大多数瓷器都出自这几个中心,那么从遗址中找到的瓷器就很有可能是这几个中心制作的,从而支持了“找到的下一个杯子是瓷器且能用配方判断产地”这一假设。

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